This page documents public claims of lineal descent and compares them to contemporaneous records (probate, heirship, enrollment, census/rolls, agency correspondence).
A) What counts as evidence (short)
Probate-era heirship records
Individual history cards / agency documentation
Enrollment correspondence
Census/roll context
Why self-reported trees and compensation narratives require cross-checking
B) The contradictions timeline
Contradictions in Congressional Record by Pipe on Head family
Sworn testimony of Pipe on Head
Sworn testimony (Lucinda)
Contested correspondence (Medicine Woman / claimant conflicts)
Later secondary narrative (McGregor/McLaughlin-era retrospective claims)
“Grandsons” framing and compensation context
Result: public narrative diverged from probate-era record
C) Claim-by-claim tables
Yellow Horse / Little Finger / Her Horse
Pipe on Head / Broken Nose
He Crow lines and step-relationship
Blue Legs (and why descendant-of-band ≠ lineal)
D) Verified lineal Spotted Elk documentation
In the treaty
in winter counts
in probate reords
in permits (primary sources)